Thursday, 24 September 2015

EPISODIC MEMORY: AN EVOLUTIONARY MARVEL OR A DESIGN FAULT?


 Last week we went to a wedding reception. The parents of the bride are friends of ours. There was a pre-dinner short boat trip on the Thames. On the deck I saw a couple of other people who were mutual friends. We gravitated towards each other and ended up standing together on the deck.

I got busy talking to them but in the back of my mind something kept niggling. While getting on the boat I saw a familiar face but could not put a name or context to it. Who was that man? If I could remember where I met him before, I might be able to put a context and then maybe I could even recall his name. 

To say that you know a person you have to know the context  in addition to name and image.  When we meet a person and have interaction with, the brain acquires all these bits of information and automatically stores them. Unfortunately each bit is retained in a separate place, on top of that, as the time passes they are moved around perpetually depending on the priority our brain assigns them.

How does the brain prioritize, does not enter into our consciousness. Sometime very mundane and banal facts are kept in the fore of the mind and at other times even crucial or apoplectic events are forgotten.  Our brain does not share a lot of things with us! Is it an evolutionary asset or a design fault?    

Forgetting events and people associated with unpleasant or unimportant events certainly keeps us in positive frame of mind but forgetting important episodes puts us at a great disadvantage. The problem is that it is our brain that decides what is important, not our conscious mind. People who had been in rather close contact in past feel hurt when they find out that you cannot recall their names, faces or contexts. They impart blame as if you have “consciously” forgotten them.

Luckily, one of the friends who I was talking with said “have you met Rehman? He is here on the boat.” Suddenly the veil disappeared I remembered him. He worked with us in the same department and lived only a few blocks away. That was  20 yrs ago! All these bits of information were in my brain safely stored, just needed a trigger to bring them to my conscious mind. A few minutes later when he came near us, I met him with all the warmth that my memory has just delivered!

If you think memory is for keeping an accurate record of past, then it is flawed and defective. But as a tool for imagining future scenarios and thus preparing us to face the uncertainties of future better, it is a design marvel. This really is the purpose of memory. 

“Indeed, our ability to revisit the past may be only a design feature of our ability to conceive of the future” Suddendorf & Busby 2003